History of the Popes, Vol. XII: Paul III, Book II

The twelfth volume of Ludwig von Pastor’s classic History of the Popes from the Close of the Middle Ages is the second of two devoted to the pontificate of Paul III (1534-1549). This monumental volume focuses primarily on the struggles surrounding the convocation of the Council of Trent, its early sessions, suspension, relocation, and continuation. Pastor devotes two lengthy chapters to the Society of Jesus, discussing its foundation, approbation by Paul III, and early work in Europe and Asia. He also discusses the continuing progress of Protestantism throughout Europe and the implications of the Schmalkaldic War. The volume concludes with an assessment of Paul III’s role as a patron of arts and letters.