Understanding the Characteristics of Dynamically Phased Smart Antenna Systems

Adaptive antenna technique is expected to significantly impact the future of wireless communications owing to its manifold utility. It will promote optimization of service quality, transparency in operation across multi-technology wireless networks, reduction in cost incurred in the establishment of new wireless networks and will enable efficient use of the spectrum. Smart antennas comprise of adaptive and dynamic updating of weights attached to every single element. Moreover, it makes use of the sectoring concept and generates segregated and spatial beams that help to separate the tracks of the different users. Smart antenna enhances the reception quality and eliminates co-channel interference by placing nulls in the direction of interferers. The direction of arrival algorithms facilitates tracking of the user and his movements. The paper contains the definition, description and developments of smart antennas. This paper intends to highlight the benefits of smart antenna systems and its future prospects.