Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become a leading cause of nosocomial and community-acquired infection due to pathogenic reactions, the most prevalent being impetigo, cellulitis, scalded skin syndrome, osteomyelitis, food poisoning. This systematic review and meta analysis investigates whether community-acquired (CA) and hospital-acquired (HA) S. aureus and MRSA in a tropical zone in America differs with respect to their prevalent sensitivity and antibiotic resistance when compared to temperate zones of America. For this research the Koppen climate classification system was used to define tropical zones having an average temperature above 18 °C and average relative humidity above 60%, and temperate zones having a range between -3 °C and 18 °C with variable RH depending on the season.1 Data extraction of 30 articles sorted from 343 records and meta analysis of 14 articles present that MRSA is highly prevalent in USA (0.0731), moderately prevalent in Canada (0.0572) and Brazil (0.0466) while Mexico (0.0040), Peru (0.0051) and Argentina (0.0048) present lowest prevalence of MRSA in patients. Likewise, the results presented in this systematic review and meta analysis show that S. aureus and MRSA carriage from nasal, throat and other swabs obtained from America present significant decline of MRSA prevalence from countries with tropical climate in comparison with the temperate zone of America. This investigation may facilitate more prompt and effective action for the prevention and control of MRSA infections in tropical countries of the America. In particular, the use of MRSA screening based on rapid and reliable diagnosis during inpatient and outpatient admission of patients is crucial.