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Spain and the Defence of Peru, 1579-1700
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Spain and the Defence of Peru, 1579-1700 By Peter T. Bradley
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A study of how the coast and commerce of the Viceroyalty of Peru, from Chile to Ecuador, was defended against foreign... More > intruders from the time of Francis Drake (1579) to the early 18th-c. The Armada del Mar del Sur carried silver to Panama, but also patrolled coastlines, offered protection to ports, and challenged interlopers. The dimensions, traits and guns of its vessels are studied, and its reliance on local expertise, manpower, and private investment in place of support from the Spanish crown. On land the book studies the construction and arming of fortifications at Callao, Guayaquil, Trujillo, and Valdivia, private initiatives at Arica, Pisco and Paita, the creation of the paid Callao presidio, and the formation and training of local militias in Lima. These processes are set against royal refusals to tolerate lower silver shipments from Peru to Spain caused by higher defence costs, and the strengthening of a local, Peruvian identity through military self-reliance in defence of local and royal interests. < Less
The Last Buccaneers in the South Sea 1686-95
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The Last Buccaneers in the South Sea 1686-95 By Peter T. Bradley
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In 1686, a small group of mainly French buccaneers left the Caribbean for the South Sea. Instead of crossing the Isthmus of... More > Panama, they loaded supplies on the east coast of North America, crossed the Atlantic Ocean to Africa, and then headed for the Straits of Magellan. Until 1695, their exploits ranged from the Juan Fernandez Islands and the coasts of Chile in the south, to the shores of the Viceroyalty of Peru and the Galapagos Islands, and finally reached the northern limits of Spanish viceregal administration along the coasts of New Spain (Mexico), and also Baja California. < Less
Spain and the Defence of Peru, 1579-1700
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Spain and the Defence of Peru, 1579-1700 By Peter T. Bradley
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A study of how the coast and commerce of the Viceroyalty of Peru, from Chile to Ecuador, was defended against foreign... More > intruders from the time of Francis Drake (1579) to the early 18th-c. The Armada del Mar del Sur carried silver to Panama, but also patrolled coastlines, offered protection to ports, and challenged interlopers. The dimensions, traits and guns of its vessels are studied, and its reliance on local expertise, manpower, and private investment in place of support from the Spanish crown. On land the book studies the construction and arming of fortifications at Callao, Guayaquil, Trujillo, and Valdivia, private initiatives at Arica, Pisco and Paita, the creation of the paid Callao presidio, and the formation and training of local militias in Lima. These processes are set against royal refusals to tolerate lower silver shipments from Peru to Spain caused by higher defence costs, and the strengthening of a local, Peruvian identity through military self-reliance in defence of local and royal interests. < Less
Pirates on the Coasts of Peru, 1598-1701
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Pirates on the Coasts of Peru, 1598-1701 By Peter T. Bradley
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A study of the aims and imagined rewards of seamen sailing from northern Europe and the West Indies to the west coast of... More > South America in the 17th century, especially between the Straits of Magellan and the Isthmus of Panama. Their personal objectives were self-enrichment, after the arrival in Europe of breathtaking treasures in gold, silver and jewels looted by Spanish conquistadors from indigenous peoples. But their actions were embittered by decades of fierce animosity towards Spain arising from opposition to her Catholic beliefs, and from the quest for political independence for example in the Low Countries from 1568 to 1648.
They range from buccaneers - some of the most ferocious, heartless and brutal men of their age, murdering and taking hostages like 21st-c. terrorists, to others keen to explore new commercial horizons for European trade, or in the case of the Dutch even to challenge Spanish political jurisdiction and occupy lands through armed alliances with local peoples. < Less
The Last Buccaneers in the South Sea 1686-95
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The Last Buccaneers in the South Sea 1686-95 By Peter T. Bradley
Paperback: $23.22
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In 1686, a small group of mainly French buccaneers left the Caribbean for the South Sea. Instead of crossing the Isthmus of... More > Panama, they loaded supplies on the east coast of North America, crossed the Atlantic Ocean to Africa, and then headed for the Straits of Magellan. Until 1695, their exploits ranged from the Juan Fernandez Islands and the coasts of Chile in the south, to the shores of the Viceroyalty of Peru and the Galapagos Islands, and finally reached the northern limits of Spanish viceregal administration along the coasts of New Spain (Mexico), and also Baja California. < Less
Pirates On the Coasts of Peru, 1598-1701
"Pirates On the Coasts of Peru, 1598-1701" is Available on the iBookstore
Pirates On the Coasts of Peru, 1598-1701 By Peter T. Bradley
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A study of the aims and imagined rewards of seamen sailing from northern Europe and the West Indies to the west coast of... More > South America in the 17th century, especially between the Straits of Magellan and the Isthmus of Panama. Their personal objectives were self-enrichment, after the arrival in Europe of breathtaking treasures in gold, silver and jewels looted by Spanish conquistadors from indigenous peoples. But their actions were embittered by decades of fierce animosity towards Spain arising from opposition to her Catholic beliefs, and from the quest for political independence for example in the Low Countries from 1568 to 1648. They range from buccaneers - some of the most ferocious, heartless and brutal men of their age, murdering and taking hostages like 21st-c. terrorists, to others keen to explore new commercial horizons for European trade, or in the case of the Dutch even to challenge Spanish political jurisdiction and occupy lands through armed alliances with local peoples. < Less
Pirates on the Coasts of Peru, 1598-1701
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Pirates on the Coasts of Peru, 1598-1701 By Peter T. Bradley
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A study of the aims and imagined rewards of seamen sailing from northern Europe and the West Indies to the west coast of... More > South America in the 17th century, especially between the Straits of Magellan and the Isthmus of Panama. Their personal objectives were self-enrichment, after the arrival in Europe of breathtaking treasures in gold, silver and jewels looted by Spanish conquistadors from indigenous peoples. But their actions were embittered by decades of fierce animosity towards Spain arising from opposition to her Catholic beliefs, and from the quest for political independence for example in the Low Countries from 1568 to 1648.
They range from buccaneers - some of the most ferocious, heartless and brutal men of their age, murdering and taking hostages like 21st-c. terrorists, to others keen to explore new commercial horizons for European trade, or in the case of the Dutch even to challenge Spanish political jurisdiction and occupy lands through armed alliances with local peoples. < Less