MATHEMATICS GRAPH THEORY

In this book, unless otherwise specified, all graphs are finite undirected graphs without loops or multiple edges. 1.1 Introduction The field of mathematics plays an important role in various fields. One of the important areas of mathematics is graph theory which is used in structural models. This structural arrangement of various goods or technologies leads to new inventions and changes in the existing environment to improve the field. Graphs serve as mathematical models to successfully analyze many concrete real-world problems. Some problems in physics, chemistry, communication science, computer technology, genetics, psychology, sociology, and linguistics can be formulated as problems in graph theory. Also, many branches of mathematics, such as group theory, matrix theory, probability and topology, are closely related to graph theory.