The Caliphs

After the death of Muhammad, in A.D. 632, his community was ruled by three caliphs, who kept Medina, the City of the Prophet, as their capital. That was the time of the most spectacular conquests. The system of administration was simple. Arabs were appointed governors of the provinces and to a few of the chief posts in them, while most of the subordinate officials retained their posts. In this work, Professor Tritton, a very well known scholar of Islam of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, authentically describes the treatment of Non-Muslim Minorities in the Islamic World of the first centuries after the death of the Prophet Muhammad.