SYSTEMIC PHARMACOLOGY II (Lab Manual)

Expanding upon fundamental pharmacological principles, Systemic Pharmacology II delves into the complex regulation of cardiovascular, endocrine, gastrointestinal, renal, and respiratory systems. This Practical Manual for Systemic Pharmacology II has been tailored for undergraduate students in their sixth semester of the B.Pharm program to provide advanced, hands-on and simulated experience in bioassays, organ-system dynamics, and therapeutic evaluation. The experimental curriculum covers critical specialized domains of pharmacological testing: Cardiovascular & Hemodynamic Studies: Recording drug effects on isolated cardiac preparations (Straub's heart) and evaluating blood pressure responses. Hormone & Biological Assays: Quantitative bioassays of oxytocin (isolated rat uterus), digoxin, and insulin (rabbit blood sugar lowering method) to determine potency and dose-response dynamics. Gastrointestinal & Respiratory Models: Screening spasmolytic actions (isolated jejunum), anti-ulcer activity (pylorus ligation), anti-diarrheal effects, and bronchodilator responsiveness using isolated tracheal chain preparations. Renal, Hepatic & Simulated Testing: Evaluating diuretic activity (Lipschitz test), hepatoprotective screening against CCl4 induced toxicity, and utilizing Computer-Assisted Learning (CAL) software to align with 3R principles. Through a balanced combination of tissue preparations, in-vivo models, and software-based simulations, this manual aims to refine analytical skills and foster a deeper understanding of drug action at the organ-system level.