On Trade and Usury

On Trade and Usury (1524) by Martin Luther critiques economic practices that he viewed as exploitative, particularly usury—the charging of excessive interest on loans. Luther condemns merchants and financiers who prioritize profit over ethical considerations, arguing that unchecked greed leads to social and moral decay. He advocates for fair trade and economic justice, emphasizing that commerce should align with Christian principles. The treatise also discusses the broader impact of financial systems on society, warning against monopolies and dishonest business practices. Luther’s views on economics were influential in shaping early Protestant attitudes toward wealth and financial ethics.