Refined wilding and urban forests

Refined wilding as conceptual guidance for urban forests The second book in the refined wilding series, a published article is presented with a preface, short conclusion and epilogue. Urban forests are explained for their significant conservation contributions for urban landscapes. Refined wilding for functional urban biodiversity is used to analyse and explain urban forests, and can conceptually guide planning for urban landscapes, and understandings of how urban forests by typical definitions are significant for functional urban biodiversity outcomes. 1. Refined wilding for functionally biodiverse smart cities. Generis. 2. Refined wilding as a conceptual guidance for urban forests.